Table 2 Pertinent parameters on serum chemistry in 19 dogs with non-complicated diabetes mellitus (DM) and 35 dogs with complicated DM (i.e., diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome). After Bonferroni’s adjustment, a p-value < 0.0083 (< 0.05/6) was considered statistically significant. MW: Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon test. (*) indicates statistically significant results
Serum parameters | Reference interval (R.I.) | Median, range | % Below R.I. | % Above R.I. | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cholesterol (mg/dL or mmol/L) | 104–228 mg/dL 2.7–5.9 mmol/L | 321 (116–928) mg/dL 8.3 (3.0–24.0) mmol/L | 0% | 85% (46/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 282 (189–928) mg/dL 7.3 (4.9–24.0) mmol/L | 0% | 80% (15/19) | p = .450 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 322 (116–607) mg/dL 8.34 (3.0-15.7) mmol/L | 0% | 86% (30/35) | ||
Blood glucose (mg/dL or mmol/L) – overall | 56–114 mg/dL 3.1–6.3 mmol/L | 463 (279-1,113) mg/dL 25.7 (15.5–61.8) mmol/L | 0% | 100% (54/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 418 (279–886) mg/dL 23.2 (15.5–49.2) mmol/L | 0% | 100% (19/19) | p = .130 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 483 (317-1,113) mg/dL 27.6 (17.6–61.8) mmol/L | 0% | 100% (35/35) | ||
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (U/L) – overall | 9–90 U/L | 515 (23 − 4,216) | 0% | 96% (52/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 233 (23 − 1,349) | 0% | 17/19 (89%) | p = .019 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 610 (99 − 4,216) | 0% | 35/35 (100%) | ||
Alanine transaminase (ALT) (U/L) – overall | 19–59 U/L | 119 (22–447) | 0% | 78% (42/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 103 (32–329) | 0% | 68% (13/19) | p = .205 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 123 (22–447) | 0% | 83% (29/35) | ||
Urea (mg/dL or mmol/L) – overall | 9.8–31.9 mg/dL 3.5–11.4 mmol/L | 24.4 (7.8-167.2) mg/dL 8.7 (2.8–59.7) mmol/L | 4% (2/54) | 37% (20/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 19.3 (9.2–61.0) mg/dL 6.9 (3.3–21.8) mmol/L | 5% (1/19) | 21% (4/19) | p = .064 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 28.6 (7.8–167) mg/dL 10.2 (2.8–59.7) mmol/L | 3% (1/35) | 46% (16/35) | ||
Creatinine (mg/dL or µmol/L) – overall | 0.46–1.37 mg/dL 41–121 µmol/L | 0.9 (0.4–5.2) mg/dL 77 (39–455) µmol/L | 6% (3/54) | 17% (9/54) |  |
 Uncomplicated DM | 0.9 (0.4–2.3) mg/dL 80 (39–206) µmol/L | 11% (2/19) | 5% (1/19) | p = .352 (MW) | |
 Complicated DM | 0.9 (0.4–5.2) mg/dL 76 (39–455) µmol/L | 3% (1/35) | 23% (8/35) |